Acyl-CoA (8-3)-desaturase (EC 1.14.19.44) (Delta(5) fatty acid desaturase) (D5D) (Delta(5) desaturase) (Delta-5 desaturase) (Fatty acid desaturase 1)
1_MAPDP 6_ VAAET 11_ AAQGP 16_ TPRYF 21_ TWDEV 26_ AQRSG 31_ CEERW 36_ LVIDR 41_ KVYNI 46_ SEFTR 51_ RHPGG 56_ SRVIS 61_ HYAGQ 66_ DATDP 71_ FVAFH 76_ INKGL 81_ VKKYM 86_ NSLLI 91_ GELSP 96_ EQPSF 101_ EPTKN 106_ KELTD 111_ EFREL 116_ RATVE 121_ RMGLM 126_ KANHV 131_ FFLLY 136_ LLHIL 141_ LLDGA 146_ AWLTL 151_ WVFGT 156_ SFLPF 161_ LLCAV 166_ LLSAV 171_ QAQAG 176_ WLQHD 181_ FGHLS 186_ VFSTS 191_ KWNHL 196_ LHHFV 201_ IGHLK 206_ GAPAS 211_ WWNHM 216_ HFQHH 221_ AKPNC 226_ FRKDP 231_ DINMH 236_ PFFFA 241_ LGKIL 246_ SVELG 251_ KQKKK 256_ YMPYN 261_ HQHKY 266_ FFLIG 271_ PPALL 276_ PLYFQ 281_ WYIFY 286_ FVIQR 291_ KKWVD 296_ LAWMI 301_ TFYVR 306_ FFLTY 311_ VPLLG 316_ LKAFL 321_ GLFFI 326_ VRFLE 331_ SNWFV 336_ WVTQM 341_ NHIPM 346_ HIDHD 351_ RNMDW 356_ VSTQL 361_ QATCN 366_ VHKSA 371_ FNDWF 376_ SGHLN 381_ FQIEH 386_ HLFPT 391_ MPRHN 396_ YHKVA 401_ PLVQS 406_ LCAKH 411_ GIEYQ 416_ SKPLL 421_ SAFAD 426_ IIHSL 431_ KESGQ 436_LWLDA
1: Acts as a front-end fatty acyl-coenzyme A (CoA) desaturase that introduces a cis double bond at carbon 5 located between a preexisting double bond and the carboxyl end of the fatty acyl chain. Involved in biosynthesis of highly unsaturated fatty acids (HUFA) from the essential polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA) linoleic acid (LA) (18:2n-6) and alpha-linolenic acid (ALA) (18:3n-3) precursors. Specifically, desaturates dihomo-gamma-linoleoate (DGLA) (20:3n-6) and eicosatetraenoate (ETA) (20:4n-3) to generate arachidonate (AA) (20:4n-6) and eicosapentaenoate (EPA) (20:5n-3), respectively (PubMed:10601301, PubMed:10769175). As a rate limiting enzyme for DGLA (20:3n-6) and AA (20:4n-6)-derived eicosanoid biosynthesis, controls the metabolism of inflammatory lipids like prostaglandin E2, critical for efficient acute inflammatory response and maintenance of epithelium homeostasis. Contributes to membrane phospholipid biosynthesis by providing AA (20:4n-6) as a major acyl chain esterified into phospholipids. In particular, regulates phosphatidylinositol-4,5-bisphosphate levels, modulating inflammatory cytokine production in T-cells (By similarity). Also desaturates (11E)-octadecenoate (trans-vaccenoate)(18:1n-9), a metabolite in the biohydrogenation pathway of LA (18:2n-6) (By similarity)
2: Does not exhibit any catalytic activity toward 20:3n-6, but it may enhance FADS2 activity