Insulin-like growth factor II (IGF-II) (Somatomedin-A) (T3M-11-derived growth factor) [Cleaved into: Insulin-like growth factor II; Insulin-like growth factor II Ala-25 Del; Preptin]
1_MGIPM 6_ GKSML 11_ VLLTF 16_ LAFAS 21_ CCIAA 26_ YRPSE 31_ TLCGG 36_ ELVDT 41_ LQFVC 46_ GDRGF 51_ YFSRP 56_ ASRVS 61_ RRSRG 66_ IVEEC 71_ CFRSC 76_ DLALL 81_ ETYCA 86_ TPAKS 91_ ERDVS 96_ TPPTV 101_ LPDNF 106_ PRYPV 111_ GKFFQ 116_ YDTWK 121_ QSTQR 126_ LRRGL 131_ PALLR 136_ ARRGH 141_ VLAKE 146_ LEAFR 151_ EAKRH 156_ RPLIA 161_ LPTQD 166_ PAHGG 171_APPEM
1: The insulin-like growth factors possess growth-promoting activity (By similarity). Major fetal growth hormone in mammals. Plays a key role in regulating fetoplacental development. IGF2 is influenced by placental lactogen. Also involved in tissue differentiation. In adults, involved in glucose metabolism in adipose tissue, skeletal muscle and liver (Probable). Acts as a ligand for integrin which is required for IGF2 signaling (PubMed:28873464). Positively regulates myogenic transcription factor MYOD1 function by facilitating the recruitment of transcriptional coactivators, thereby controlling muscle terminal differentiation (By similarity). Inhibits myoblast differentiation and modulates metabolism via increasing the mitochondrial respiration rate (By similarity)
2: Preptin undergoes glucose-mediated co-secretion with insulin, and acts as a physiological amplifier of glucose-mediated insulin secretion. Exhibits osteogenic properties by increasing osteoblast mitogenic activity through phosphoactivation of MAPK1 and MAPK3