ADP/ATP translocase 2 (ADP,ATP carrier protein 2) (ADP,ATP carrier protein, fibroblast isoform) (Adenine nucleotide translocator 2) (ANT 2) (Solute carrier family 25 member 5) [Cleaved into: ADP/ATP translocase 2, N-terminally processed]
1_MTDAA 6_ VSFAK 11_ DFLAG 16_ GVAAA 21_ ISKTA 26_ VAPIE 31_ RVKLL 36_ LQVQH 41_ ASKQI 46_ TADKQ 51_ YKGII 56_ DCVVR 61_ IPKEQ 66_ GVLSF 71_ WRGNL 76_ ANVIR 81_ YFPTQ 86_ ALNFA 91_ FKDKY 96_ KQIFL 101_ GGVDK 106_ RTQFW 111_ LYFAG 116_ NLASG 121_ GAAGA 126_ TSLCF 131_ VYPLD 136_ FARTR 141_ LAADV 146_ GKAGA 151_ EREFR 156_ GLGDC 161_ LVKIY 166_ KSDGI 171_ KGLYQ 176_ GFNVS 181_ VQGII 186_ IYRAA 191_ YFGIY 196_ DTAKG 201_ MLPDP 206_ KNTHI 211_ VISWM 216_ IAQTV 221_ TAVAG 226_ LTSYP 231_ FDTVR 236_ RRMMM 241_ QSGRK 246_ GTDIM 251_ YTGTL 256_ DCWRK 261_ IARDE 266_ GGKAF 271_ FKGAW 276_ SNVLR 281_ GMGGA 286_ FVLVL 291_YDEIK
1: ADP:ATP antiporter that mediates import of ADP into the mitochondrial matrix for ATP synthesis, and export of ATP out to fuel the cell (By similarity). Cycles between the cytoplasmic-open state (c-state) and the matrix-open state (m-state): operates by the alternating access mechanism with a single substrate-binding site intermittently exposed to either the cytosolic (c-state) or matrix (m-state) side of the inner mitochondrial membrane (By similarity). In addition to its ADP:ATP antiporter activity, also involved in mitochondrial uncoupling and mitochondrial permeability transition pore (mPTP) activity (By similarity). Plays a role in mitochondrial uncoupling by acting as a proton transporter: proton transport uncouples the proton flows via the electron transport chain and ATP synthase to reduce the efficiency of ATP production and cause mitochondrial thermogenesis (By similarity). Proton transporter activity is inhibited by ADP:ATP antiporter activity, suggesting that SLC25A5/ANT2 acts as a master regulator of mitochondrial energy output by maintaining a delicate balance between ATP production (ADP:ATP antiporter activity) and thermogenesis (proton transporter activity) (By similarity). Proton transporter activity requires free fatty acids as cofactor, but does not transport it (By similarity). Probably mediates mitochondrial uncoupling in tissues that do not express UCP1 (By similarity). Also plays a key role in mPTP opening, a non-specific pore that enables free passage of the mitochondrial membranes to solutes of up to 1.5 kDa, and which contributes to cell death (PubMed:31883789). It is however unclear if SLC25A5/ANT2 constitutes a pore-forming component of mPTP or regulates it (By similarity). Acts as a regulator of mitophagy independently of ADP:ATP antiporter activity: promotes mitophagy via interaction with TIMM44, leading to inhibit the presequence translocase TIMM23, thereby promoting stabilization of PINK1 (By similarity). As part of the mitotic spindle-associated MMXD complex it may play a role in chromosome segregation (PubMed:20797633)