Histone H3.Y (Histone H3.Y1)
1_MARTK 6_ QTARK 11_ ATAWQ 16_ APRKP 21_ LATKA 26_ AGKRA 31_ PPTGG 36_ IKKPH 41_ RYKPG 46_ TLALR 51_ EIRKY 56_ QKSTQ 61_ LLLRK 66_ LPFQR 71_ LVREI 76_ AQAIS 81_ PDLRF 86_ QSAAI 91_ GALQE 96_ ASEAY 101_ LVQLF 106_ EDTNL 111_ CAIHA 116_ RRVTI 121_ MPRDM 126_ QLARR 131_LRREG
1: Primate-specific variant histone H3, which constitutes a core component of nucleosomes (PubMed:20819935, PubMed:27016736). Histone H3.Y-containing nucleosomes accumulate around transcription start sites and have flexible DNA ends, suggesting that they form relaxed chromatin that allows transcription factor access (PubMed:27016736). Histone H1 binds less efficiently to histone H3.Y-containing nucleosomes (PubMed:27016736). Nucleosomes wrap and compact DNA into chromatin, limiting DNA accessibility to the cellular machineries which require DNA as a template. Histones thereby play a central role in transcription regulation, DNA repair, DNA replication and chromosomal stability. DNA accessibility is regulated via a complex set of post-translational modifications of histones, also called histone code, and nucleosome remodeling (Probable)