Chromogranin-A (CgA) (Pituitary secretory protein I) (SP-I) [Cleaved into: Vasostatin-1 (Vasostatin I); Vasostatin-2 (Vasostatin II); EA-92; ES-43; Pancreastatin; SS-18; WA-8; WE-14; LF-19; Catestatin (SL21); AL-11; GV-19; GR-44; ER-37; GE-25; Serpinin-RRG; Serpinin; p-Glu serpinin precursor]
1_MRSAA 6_ VLALL 11_ LCAGQ 16_ VTALP 21_ VNSPM 26_ NKGDT 31_ EVMKC 36_ IVEVI 41_ SDTLS 46_ KPSPM 51_ PVSQE 56_ CFETL 61_ RGDER 66_ ILSIL 71_ RHQNL 76_ LKELQ 81_ DLALQ 86_ GAKER 91_ AHQQK 96_ KHSGF 101_ EDELS 106_ EVLEN 111_ QSSQA 116_ ELKEA 121_ VEEPS 126_ SKDVM 131_ EKRED 136_ SKEAE 141_ KSGEA 146_ TDGAR 151_ PQALP 156_ EPMQE 161_ SKAEG 166_ NNQAP 171_ GEEEE 176_ EEEEA 181_ TNTHP 186_ PASLP 191_ SQKYP 196_ GPQAE 201_ GDSEG 206_ LSQGL 211_ VDREK 216_ GLSAE 221_ PGWQA 226_ KREEE 231_ EEEEE 236_ EAEAG 241_ EEAVP 246_ EEEGP 251_ TVVLN 256_ PHPSL 261_ GYKEI 266_ RKGES 271_ RSEAL 276_ AVDGA 281_ GKPGA 286_ EEAQD 291_ PEGKG 296_ EQEHS 301_ QQKEE 306_ EEEMA 311_ VVPQG 316_ LFRGG 321_ KSGEL 326_ EQEEE 331_ RLSKE 336_ WEDSK 341_ RWSKM 346_ DQLAK 351_ ELTAE 356_ KRLEG 361_ QEEEE 366_ DNRDS 371_ SMKLS 376_ FRARA 381_ YGFRG 386_ PGPQL 391_ RRGWR 396_ PSSRE 401_ DSLEA 406_ GLPLQ 411_ VRGYP 416_ EEKKE 421_ EEGSA 426_ NRRPE 431_ DQELE 436_ SLSAI 441_ EAELE 446_ KVAHQ 451_LQALR
1: Strongly inhibits glucose induced insulin release from the pancreas
2: Inhibits catecholamine release from chromaffin cells and noradrenergic neurons by acting as a non-competitive nicotinic cholinergic antagonist (PubMed:15326220). Displays antibacterial activity against Gram-positive bacteria S.aureus and M.luteus, and Gram-negative bacteria E.coli and P.aeruginosa (PubMed:15723172, PubMed:24723458). Can induce mast cell migration, degranulation and production of cytokines and chemokines (PubMed:21214543). Acts as a potent scavenger of free radicals in vitro (PubMed:24723458). May play a role in the regulation of cardiac function and blood pressure (PubMed:18541522)
3: Regulates granule biogenesis in endocrine cells by up-regulating the transcription of protease nexin 1 (SERPINE2) via a cAMP-PKA-SP1 pathway. This leads to inhibition of granule protein degradation in the Golgi complex which in turn promotes granule formation