Parathyroid hormone-related protein (PTH-rP) (PTHrP) (Parathyroid hormone-like protein) (PLP) [Cleaved into: PTHrP[1-36]; PTHrP[38-94]; Osteostatin (PTHrP[107-139])]
1_MQRRL 6_ VQQWS 11_ VAVFL 16_ LSYAV 21_ PSCGR 26_ SVEGL 31_ SRRLK 36_ RAVSE 41_ HQLLH 46_ DKGKS 51_ IQDLR 56_ RRFFL 61_ HHLIA 66_ EIHTA 71_ EIRAT 76_ SEVSP 81_ NSKPS 86_ PNTKN 91_ HPVRF 96_ GSDDE 101_ GRYLT 106_ QETNK 111_ VETYK 116_ EQPLK 121_ TPGKK 126_ KKGKP 131_ GKRKE 136_ QEKKK 141_ RRTRS 146_ AWLDS 151_ GVTGS 156_ GLEGD 161_ HLSDT 166_ STTSL 171_ELDSR
1: Neuroendocrine peptide which is a critical regulator of cellular and organ growth, development, migration, differentiation and survival and of epithelial calcium ion transport (PubMed:12538599, PubMed:35932760, PubMed:3616618). Acts by binding to its receptor, PTH1R, activating G protein-coupled receptor signaling (PubMed:19674967, PubMed:35932760). Regulates endochondral bone development and epithelial-mesenchymal interactions during the formation of the mammary glands and teeth (By similarity). Required for skeletal homeostasis (PubMed:12538599). Promotes mammary mesenchyme differentiation and bud outgrowth by modulating mesenchymal cell responsiveness to BMPs (PubMed:12538599). Up-regulates BMPR1A expression in the mammary mesenchyme and this increases the sensitivity of these cells to BMPs and allows them to respond to BMP4 in a paracrine and/or autocrine fashion (By similarity). BMP4 signaling in the mesenchyme, in turn, triggers epithelial outgrowth and augments MSX2 expression, which causes the mammary mesenchyme to inhibit hair follicle formation within the nipple sheath (By similarity). Promotes colon cancer cell migration and invasion in an integrin alpha-6/beta-1-dependent manner through activation of Rac1 (PubMed:20637541)
2: Potent inhibitor of osteoclastic bone resorption