Angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) (EC 3.2.1.-) (EC 3.4.15.1) (Dipeptidyl carboxypeptidase I) (Kininase II) (CD antigen CD143) [Cleaved into: Angiotensin-converting enzyme, soluble form]
1_MGAAS 6_ GRRGP 11_ GLLLP 16_ LPLLL 21_ LLPPQ 26_ PALAL 31_ DPGLQ 36_ PGNFS 41_ ADEAG 46_ AQLFA 51_ QSYNS 56_ SAEQV 61_ LFQSV 66_ AASWA 71_ HDTNI 76_ TAENA 81_ RRQEE 86_ AALLS 91_ QEFAE 96_ AWGQK 101_ AKELY 106_ EPIWQ 111_ NFTDP 116_ QLRRI 121_ IGAVR 126_ TLGSA 131_ NLPLA 136_ KRQQY 141_ NALLS 146_ NMSRI 151_ YSTAK 156_ VCLPN 161_ KTATC 166_ WSLDP 171_ DLTNI 176_ LASSR 181_ SYAML 186_ LFAWE 191_ GWHNA 196_ AGIPL 201_ KPLYE 206_ DFTAL 211_ SNEAY 216_ KQDGF 221_ TDTGA 226_ YWRSW 231_ YNSPT 236_ FEDDL 241_ EHLYQ 246_ QLEPL 251_ YLNLH 256_ AFVRR 261_ ALHRR 266_ YGDRY 271_ INLRG 276_ PIPAH 281_ LLGDM 286_ WAQSW 291_ ENIYD 296_ MVVPF 301_ PDKPN 306_ LDVTS 311_ TMLQQ 316_ GWNAT 321_ HMFRV 326_ AEEFF 331_ TSLEL 336_ SPMPP 341_ EFWEG 346_ SMLEK 351_ PADGR 356_ EVVCH 361_ ASAWD 366_ FYNRK 371_ DFRIK 376_ QCTRV 381_ TMDQL 386_ STVHH 391_ EMGHI 396_ QYYLQ 401_ YKDLP 406_ VSLRR 411_ GANPG 416_ FHEAI 421_ GDVLA 426_ LSVST 431_ PEHLH 436_ KIGLL 441_ DRVTN 446_ DTESD 451_ INYLL 456_ KMALE 461_ KIAFL 466_ PFGYL 471_ VDQWR 476_ WGVFS 481_ GRTPP 486_ SRYNF 491_ DWWYL 496_ RTKYQ 501_ GICPP 506_ VTRNE 511_ THFDA 516_ GAKFH 521_ VPNVT 526_ PYIRY 531_ FVSFV 536_ LQFQF 541_ HEALC 546_ KEAGY 551_ EGPLH 556_ QCDIY 561_ RSTKA 566_ GAKLR 571_ KVLQA 576_ GSSRP 581_ WQEVL 586_ KDMVG 591_ LDALD 596_ AQPLL 601_ KYFQP 606_ VTQWL 611_ QEQNQ 616_ QNGEV 621_ LGWPE 626_ YQWHP 631_ PLPDN 636_ YPEGI 641_ DLVTD 646_ EAEAS 651_ KFVEE 656_ YDRTS 661_ QVVWN 666_ EYAEA 671_ NWNYN 676_ TNITT 681_ ETSKI 686_ LLQKN 691_ MQIAN 696_ HTLKY 701_ GTQAR 706_ KFDVN 711_ QLQNT 716_ TIKRI 721_ IKKVQ 726_ DLERA 731_ ALPAQ 736_ ELEEY 741_ NKILL 746_ DMETT 751_ YSVAT 756_ VCHPN 761_ GSCLQ 766_ LEPDL 771_ TNVMA 776_ TSRKY 781_ EDLLW 786_ AWEGW 791_ RDKAG 796_ RAILQ 801_ FYPKY 806_ VELIN 811_ QAARL 816_ NGYVD 821_ AGDSW 826_ RSMYE 831_ TPSLE 836_ QDLER 841_ LFQEL 846_ QPLYL 851_ NLHAY 856_ VRRAL 861_ HRHYG 866_ AQHIN 871_ LEGPI 876_ PAHLL 881_ GNMWA 886_ QTWSN 891_ IYDLV 896_ VPFPS 901_ APSMD 906_ TTEAM 911_ LKQGW 916_ TPRRM 921_ FKEAD 926_ DFFTS 931_ LGLLP 936_ VPPEF 941_ WNKSM 946_ LEKPT 951_ DGREV 956_ VCHAS 961_ AWDFY 966_ NGKDF 971_ RIKQC 976_ TTVNL 981_ EDLVV 986_ AHHEM 991_ GHIQY 996_ FMQYK 1001_ DLPVA 1006_ LREGA 1011_ NPGFH 1016_ EAIGD 1021_ VLALS 1026_ VSTPK 1031_ HLHSL 1036_ NLLSS 1041_ EGGSD 1046_ EHDIN 1051_ FLMKM 1056_ ALDKI 1061_ AFIPF 1066_ SYLVD 1071_ QWRWR 1076_ VFDGS 1081_ ITKEN 1086_ YNQEW 1091_ WSLRL 1096_ KYQGL 1101_ CPPVP 1106_ RTQGD 1111_ FDPGA 1116_ KFHIP 1121_ SSVPY 1126_ IRYFV 1131_ SFIIQ 1136_ FQFHE 1141_ ALCQA 1146_ AGHTG 1151_ PLHKC 1156_ DIYQS 1161_ KEAGQ 1166_ RLATA 1171_ MKLGF 1176_ SRPWP 1181_ EAMQL 1186_ ITGQP 1191_ NMSAS 1196_ AMLSY 1201_ FKPLL 1206_ DWLRT 1211_ ENELH 1216_ GEKLG 1221_ WPQYN 1226_ WTPNS 1231_ ARSEG 1236_ PLPDS 1241_ GRVSF 1246_ LGLDL 1251_ DAQQA 1256_ RVGQW 1261_ LLLFL 1266_ GIALL 1271_ VATLG 1276_ LSQRL 1281_ FSIRH 1286_ RSLHR 1291_ HSHGP 1296_ QFGSE 1301_VELRH
1: Dipeptidyl carboxypeptidase that removes dipeptides from the C-terminus of a variety of circulating hormones, such as angiotensin I, bradykinin or enkephalins, thereby playing a key role in the regulation of blood pressure, electrolyte homeostasis or synaptic plasticity (PubMed:15615692, PubMed:20826823, PubMed:2558109, PubMed:4322742, PubMed:7523412, PubMed:7683654). Composed of two similar catalytic domains, each possessing a functional active site, with different selectivity for substrates (PubMed:10913258, PubMed:1320019, PubMed:1851160, PubMed:19773553, PubMed:7683654, PubMed:7876104). Plays a major role in the angiotensin-renin system that regulates blood pressure and sodium retention by the kidney by converting angiotensin I to angiotensin II, resulting in an increase of the vasoconstrictor activity of angiotensin (PubMed:11432860, PubMed:1851160, PubMed:19773553, PubMed:23056909, PubMed:4322742). Also able to inactivate bradykinin, a potent vasodilator, and therefore enhance the blood pressure response (PubMed:15615692, PubMed:2558109, PubMed:4322742, PubMed:6055465, PubMed:6270633, PubMed:7683654). Acts as a regulator of synaptic transmission by mediating cleavage of neuropeptide hormones, such as substance P, neurotensin or enkephalins (PubMed:15615692, PubMed:6208535, PubMed:6270633, PubMed:656131). Catalyzes degradation of different enkephalin neuropeptides (Met-enkephalin, Leu-enkephalin, Met-enkephalin-Arg-Phe and possibly Met-enkephalin-Arg-Gly-Leu) (PubMed:2982830, PubMed:6270633, PubMed:656131). Acts as a regulator of synaptic plasticity in the nucleus accumbens of the brain by mediating cleavage of Met-enkephalin-Arg-Phe, a strong ligand of Mu-type opioid receptor OPRM1, into Met-enkephalin (By similarity). Met-enkephalin-Arg-Phe cleavage by ACE decreases activation of OPRM1, leading to long-term synaptic potentiation of glutamate release (By similarity). Also acts as a regulator of hematopoietic stem cell differentiation by mediating degradation of hemoregulatory peptide N-acetyl-SDKP (AcSDKP) (PubMed:26403559, PubMed:7876104, PubMed:8257427, PubMed:8609242). Acts as a regulator of cannabinoid signaling pathway by mediating degradation of hemopressin, an antagonist peptide of the cannabinoid receptor CNR1 (PubMed:18077343). Involved in amyloid-beta metabolism by catalyzing degradation of Amyloid-beta protein 40 and Amyloid-beta protein 42 peptides, thereby preventing plaque formation (PubMed:11604391, PubMed:16154999, PubMed:19773553). Catalyzes cleavage of cholecystokinin (maturation of Cholecystokinin-8 and Cholecystokinin-5) and Gonadoliberin-1 (both maturation and degradation) hormones (PubMed:10336644, PubMed:2983326, PubMed:7683654, PubMed:9371719). Degradation of hemoregulatory peptide N-acetyl-SDKP (AcSDKP) and amyloid-beta proteins is mediated by the N-terminal catalytic domain, while angiotensin I and cholecystokinin cleavage is mediated by the C-terminal catalytic region (PubMed:10336644, PubMed:19773553, PubMed:7876104)
2: Soluble form that is released in blood plasma and other body fluids following proteolytic cleavage in the juxtamembrane stalk region
3: Isoform produced by alternative promoter usage that is specifically expressed in spermatocytes and adult testis, and which is required for male fertility (PubMed:1651327, PubMed:1668266). In contrast to somatic isoforms, only contains one catalytic domain (PubMed:1651327, PubMed:1668266). Acts as a dipeptidyl carboxypeptidase that removes dipeptides from the C-terminus of substrates (PubMed:1668266, PubMed:24297181). The identity of substrates that are needed for male fertility is unknown (By similarity). May also have a glycosidase activity which releases GPI-anchored proteins from the membrane by cleaving the mannose linkage in the GPI moiety. The GPIase activity was reported to be essential for the egg-binding ability of the sperm (By similarity). This activity is however unclear and has been challenged by other groups, suggesting that it may be indirect (By similarity)