Glutamine synthetase (GS) (EC 6.3.1.2) (Glutamate--ammonia ligase) (Palmitoyltransferase GLUL) (EC 2.3.1.225)
1_MTTSA 6_ SSHLN 11_ KGIKQ 16_ VYMSL 21_ PQGEK 26_ VQAMY 31_ IWIDG 36_ TGEGL 41_ RCKTR 46_ TLDSE 51_ PKCVE 56_ ELPEW 61_ NFDGS 66_ STLQS 71_ EGSNS 76_ DMYLV 81_ PAAMF 86_ RDPFR 91_ KDPNK 96_ LVLCE 101_ VFKYN 106_ RRPAE 111_ TNLRH 116_ TCKRI 121_ MDMVS 126_ NQHPW 131_ FGMEQ 136_ EYTLM 141_ GTDGH 146_ PFGWP 151_ SNGFP 156_ GPQGP 161_ YYCGV 166_ GADRA 171_ YGRDI 176_ VEAHY 181_ RACLY 186_ AGVKI 191_ AGTNA 196_ EVMPA 201_ QWEFQ 206_ IGPCE 211_ GISMG 216_ DHLWV 221_ ARFIL 226_ HRVCE 231_ DFGVI 236_ ATFDP 241_ KPIPG 246_ NWNGA 251_ GCHTN 256_ FSTKA 261_ MREEN 266_ GLKYI 271_ EEAIE 276_ KLSKR 281_ HQYHI 286_ RAYDP 291_ KGGLD 296_ NARRL 301_ TGFHE 306_ TSNIN 311_ DFSAG 316_ VANRS 321_ ASIRI 326_ PRTVG 331_ QEKKG 336_ YFEDR 341_ RPSAN 346_ CDPFS 351_ VTEAL 356_ IRTCL 361_ LNETG 366_DEPFQ
1: Glutamine synthetase that catalyzes the ATP-dependent conversion of glutamate and ammonia to glutamine (PubMed:16267323, PubMed:30158707, PubMed:36289327). Its role depends on tissue localization: in the brain, it regulates the levels of toxic ammonia and converts neurotoxic glutamate to harmless glutamine, whereas in the liver, it is one of the enzymes responsible for the removal of ammonia (By similarity). Plays a key role in ammonium detoxification during erythropoiesis: the glutamine synthetase activity is required to remove ammonium generated by porphobilinogen deaminase (HMBS) during heme biosynthesis to prevent ammonium accumulation and oxidative stress (By similarity). Essential for proliferation of fetal skin fibroblasts (PubMed:18662667). Independently of its glutamine synthetase activity, required for endothelial cell migration during vascular development: acts by regulating membrane localization and activation of the GTPase RHOJ, possibly by promoting RHOJ palmitoylation (PubMed:30158707). May act as a palmitoyltransferase for RHOJ: able to autopalmitoylate and then transfer the palmitoyl group to RHOJ (PubMed:30158707). Plays a role in ribosomal 40S subunit biogenesis (PubMed:26711351). Through the interaction with BEST2, inhibits BEST2 channel activity by affecting the gating at the aperture in the absence of intracellular L-glutamate, but sensitizes BEST2 to intracellular L-glutamate, which promotes the opening of BEST2 and thus relieves its inhibitory effect on BEST2 (PubMed:36289327)