Cystathionine gamma-lyase (CGL) (CSE) (EC 4.4.1.1) (Cysteine desulfhydrase) (Cysteine-protein sulfhydrase) (Gamma-cystathionase) (Homocysteine desulfhydrase) (EC 4.4.1.2)
1_MQEKD 6_ ASSQG 11_ FLPHF 16_ QHFAT 21_ QAIHV 26_ GQDPE 31_ QWTSR 36_ AVVPP 41_ ISLST 46_ TFKQG 51_ APGQH 56_ SGFEY 61_ SRSGN 66_ PTRNC 71_ LEKAV 76_ AALDG 81_ AKYCL 86_ AFASG 91_ LAATV 96_ TITHL 101_ LKAGD 106_ QIICM 111_ DDVYG 116_ GTNRY 121_ FRQVA 126_ SEFGL 131_ KISFV 136_ DCSKI 141_ KLLEA 146_ AITPE 151_ TKLVW 156_ IETPT 161_ NPTQK 166_ VIDIE 171_ GCAHI 176_ VHKHG 181_ DIILV 186_ VDNTF 191_ MSPYF 196_ QRPLA 201_ LGADI 206_ SMYSA 211_ TKYMN 216_ GHSDV 221_ VMGLV 226_ SVNCE 231_ SLHNR 236_ LRFLQ 241_ NSLGA 246_ VPSPI 251_ DCYLC 256_ NRGLK 261_ TLHVR 266_ MEKHF 271_ KNGMA 276_ VAQFL 281_ ESNPW 286_ VEKVI 291_ YPGLP 296_ SHPQH 301_ ELVKR 306_ QCTGC 311_ TGMVT 316_ FYIKG 321_ TLQHA 326_ EIFLK 331_ NLKLF 336_ TLAES 341_ LGGFE 346_ SLAEL 351_ PAIMT 356_ HASVL 361_ KNDRD 366_ VLGIS 371_ DTLIR 376_ LSVGL 381_ EDEED 386_ LLEDL 391_ DQALK 396_AAHPP
1: Catalyzes the last step in the trans-sulfuration pathway from L-methionine to L-cysteine in a pyridoxal-5'-phosphate (PLP)-dependent manner, which consists on cleaving the L,L-cystathionine molecule into L-cysteine, ammonia and 2-oxobutanoate (PubMed:10212249, PubMed:18476726, PubMed:19261609, PubMed:19961860). Part of the L-cysteine derived from the trans-sulfuration pathway is utilized for biosynthesis of the ubiquitous antioxidant glutathione (PubMed:18476726). Besides its role in the conversion of L-cystathionine into L-cysteine, it utilizes L-cysteine and L-homocysteine as substrates (at much lower rates than L,L-cystathionine) to produce the endogenous gaseous signaling molecule hydrogen sulfide (H2S) (PubMed:10212249, PubMed:19019829, PubMed:19261609, PubMed:19961860). In vitro, it converts two L-cysteine molecules into lanthionine and H2S, also two L-homocysteine molecules to homolanthionine and H2S, which can be particularly relevant under conditions of severe hyperhomocysteinemia (which is a risk factor for cardiovascular disease, diabetes, and Alzheimer's disease) (PubMed:19261609). Lanthionine and homolanthionine are structural homologs of L,L-cystathionine that differ by the absence or presence of an extra methylene group, respectively (PubMed:19261609). Acts as a cysteine-protein sulfhydrase by mediating sulfhydration of target proteins: sulfhydration consists of converting -SH groups into -SSH on specific cysteine residues of target proteins such as GAPDH, PTPN1 and NF-kappa-B subunit RELA, thereby regulating their function (PubMed:22169477). By generating the gasotransmitter H2S, it participates in a number of physiological processes such as vasodilation, bone protection, and inflammation (Probable) (PubMed:29254196). Plays an essential role in myogenesis by contributing to the biogenesis of H2S in skeletal muscle tissue (By similarity). Can also accept homoserine as substrate (By similarity). Catalyzes the elimination of selenocystathionine (which can be derived from the diet) to yield selenocysteine, ammonia and 2-oxobutanoate (By similarity)