Extracellular calcium-sensing receptor (CaR) (CaSR) (hCasR) (Parathyroid cell calcium-sensing receptor 1) (PCaR1)
1_MAFYS 6_ CCWVL 11_ LALTW 16_ HTSAY 21_ GPDQR 26_ AQKKG 31_ DIILG 36_ GLFPI 41_ HFGVA 46_ AKDQD 51_ LKSRP 56_ ESVEC 61_ IRYNF 66_ RGFRW 71_ LQAMI 76_ FAIEE 81_ INSSP 86_ ALLPN 91_ LTLGY 96_ RIFDT 101_ CNTVS 106_ KALEA 111_ TLSFV 116_ AQNKI 121_ DSLNL 126_ DEFCN 131_ CSEHI 136_ PSTIA 141_ VVGAT 146_ GSGVS 151_ TAVAN 156_ LLGLF 161_ YIPQV 166_ SYASS 171_ SRLLS 176_ NKNQF 181_ KSFLR 186_ TIPND 191_ EHQAT 196_ AMADI 201_ IEYFR 206_ WNWVG 211_ TIAAD 216_ DDYGR 221_ PGIEK 226_ FREEA 231_ EERDI 236_ CIDFS 241_ ELISQ 246_ YSDEE 251_ EIQHV 256_ VEVIQ 261_ NSTAK 266_ VIVVF 271_ SSGPD 276_ LEPLI 281_ KEIVR 286_ RNITG 291_ KIWLA 296_ SEAWA 301_ SSSLI 306_ AMPQY 311_ FHVVG 316_ GTIGF 321_ ALKAG 326_ QIPGF 331_ REFLK 336_ KVHPR 341_ KSVHN 346_ GFAKE 351_ FWEET 356_ FNCHL 361_ QEGAK 366_ GPLPV 371_ DTFLR 376_ GHEES 381_ GDRFS 386_ NSSTA 391_ FRPLC 396_ TGDEN 401_ ISSVE 406_ TPYID 411_ YTHLR 416_ ISYNV 421_ YLAVY 426_ SIAHA 431_ LQDIY 436_ TCLPG 441_ RGLFT 446_ NGSCA 451_ DIKKV 456_ EAWQV 461_ LKHLR 466_ HLNFT 471_ NNMGE 476_ QVTFD 481_ ECGDL 486_ VGNYS 491_ IINWH 496_ LSPED 501_ GSIVF 506_ KEVGY 511_ YNVYA 516_ KKGER 521_ LFINE 526_ EKILW 531_ SGFSR 536_ EVPFS 541_ NCSRD 546_ CLAGT 551_ RKGII 556_ EGEPT 561_ CCFEC 566_ VECPD 571_ GEYSD 576_ ETDAS 581_ ACNKC 586_ PDDFW 591_ SNENH 596_ TSCIA 601_ KEIEF 606_ LSWTE 611_ PFGIA 616_ LTLFA 621_ VLGIF 626_ LTAFV 631_ LGVFI 636_ KFRNT 641_ PIVKA 646_ TNREL 651_ SYLLL 656_ FSLLC 661_ CFSSS 666_ LFFIG 671_ EPQDW 676_ TCRLR 681_ QPAFG 686_ ISFVL 691_ CISCI 696_ LVKTN 701_ RVLLV 706_ FEAKI 711_ PTSFH 716_ RKWWG 721_ LNLQF 726_ LLVFL 731_ CTFMQ 736_ IVICV 741_ IWLYT 746_ APPSS 751_ YRNQE 756_ LEDEI 761_ IFITC 766_ HEGSL 771_ MALGF 776_ LIGYT 781_ CLLAA 786_ ICFFF 791_ AFKSR 796_ KLPEN 801_ FNEAK 806_ FITFS 811_ MLIFF 816_ IVWIS 821_ FIPAY 826_ ASTYG 831_ KFVSA 836_ VEVIA 841_ ILAAS 846_ FGLLA 851_ CIFFN 856_ KIYII 861_ LFKPS 866_ RNTIE 871_ EVRCS 876_ TAAHA 881_ FKVAA 886_ RATLR 891_ RSNVS 896_ RKRSS 901_ SLGGS 906_ TGSTP 911_ SSSIS 916_ SKSNS 921_ EDPFP 926_ QPERQ 931_ KQQQP 936_ LALTQ 941_ QEQQQ 946_ QPLTL 951_ PQQQR 956_ SQQQP 961_ RCKQK 966_ VIFGS 971_ GTVTF 976_ SLSFD 981_ EPQKN 986_ AMAHR 991_ NSTHQ 996_ NSLEA 1001_ QKSSD 1006_ TLTRH 1011_ EPLLP 1016_ LQCGE 1021_ TDLDL 1026_ TVQET 1031_ GLQGP 1036_ VGGDQ 1041_ RPEVE 1046_ DPEEL 1051_ SPALV 1056_ VSSSQ 1061_ SFVIS 1066_ GGGST 1071_VTENV
1: G-protein-coupled receptor that senses changes in the extracellular concentration of calcium ions and plays a key role in maintaining calcium homeostasis (PubMed:17555508, PubMed:19789209, PubMed:21566075, PubMed:22114145, PubMed:22789683, PubMed:23966241, PubMed:25104082, PubMed:25292184, PubMed:25766501, PubMed:26386835, PubMed:32817431, PubMed:33603117, PubMed:34194040, PubMed:34467854, PubMed:7759551, PubMed:8636323, PubMed:8702647, PubMed:8878438). Senses fluctuations in the circulating calcium concentration: activated by elevated circulating calcium, leading to decreased parathyroid hormone (PTH) secretion in parathyroid glands (By similarity). In kidneys, acts as a key regulator of renal tubular calcium resorption (By similarity). Ligand binding causes a conformation change that triggers signaling via guanine nucleotide-binding proteins (G-proteins) and modulates the activity of downstream effectors (PubMed:38632411). CASR is coupled with different G(q)/G(11), G(i)/G(o)- or G(s)-classes of G-proteins depending on the context (PubMed:38632411). In the parathyroid and kidney, CASR signals through G(q)/G(11) and G(i)/G(o) G-proteins: G(q)/G(11) coupling activates phospholipase C-beta, releasing diacylglycerol (DAG) and inositol 1,4,5-trisphosphate (IP3) second messengers, while G(i)/G(o) coupling mediates inhibition of adenylate cyclase activity (PubMed:38632411, PubMed:7759551). The G-protein-coupled receptor activity is activated by a co-agonist mechanism: aromatic amino acids, such as Trp or Phe, act concertedly with divalent cations, such as calcium or magnesium, to achieve full receptor activation (PubMed:27386547, PubMed:27434672, PubMed:32817431, PubMed:33603117, PubMed:34194040). Acts as an activator of the NLRP3 inflammasome via G(i)/G(o)-mediated signaling: down-regulation of cyclic AMP (cAMP) relieving NLRP3 inhibition by cAMP (PubMed:32843625). Acts as a regulator of proton-sensing receptor GPR68 in a seesaw manner: CASR-mediated signaling inhibits GPR68 signaling in response to extracellular calcium, while GPR68 inhibits CASR in presence of extracellular protons (By similarity)