Neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin (NGAL) (25 kDa alpha-2-microglobulin-related subunit of MMP-9) (Lipocalin-2) (Oncogene 24p3) (Siderocalin) (p25)
1_MPLGL 6_ LWLGL 11_ ALLGA 16_ LHAQA 21_ QDSTS 26_ DLIPA 31_ PPLSK 36_ VPLQQ 41_ NFQDN 46_ QFQGK 51_ WYVVG 56_ LAGNA 61_ ILRED 66_ KDPQK 71_ MYATI 76_ YELKE 81_ DKSYN 86_ VTSVL 91_ FRKKK 96_ CDYWI 101_ RTFVP 106_ GCQPG 111_ EFTLG 116_ NIKSY 121_ PGLTS 126_ YLVRV 131_ VSTNY 136_ NQHAM 141_ VFFKK 146_ VSQNR 151_ EYFKI 156_ TLYGR 161_ TKELT 166_ SELKE 171_ NFIRF 176_ SKSLG 181_ LPENH 186_ IVFPV 191_PIDQC
1: Iron-trafficking protein involved in multiple processes such as apoptosis, innate immunity and renal development (PubMed:12453413, PubMed:20581821, PubMed:27780864). Binds iron through association with 2,3-dihydroxybenzoic acid (2,3-DHBA), a siderophore that shares structural similarities with bacterial enterobactin, and delivers or removes iron from the cell, depending on the context. Iron-bound form (holo-24p3) is internalized following binding to the SLC22A17 (24p3R) receptor, leading to release of iron and subsequent increase of intracellular iron concentration. In contrast, association of the iron-free form (apo-24p3) with the SLC22A17 (24p3R) receptor is followed by association with an intracellular siderophore, iron chelation and iron transfer to the extracellular medium, thereby reducing intracellular iron concentration. Involved in apoptosis due to interleukin-3 (IL3) deprivation: iron-loaded form increases intracellular iron concentration without promoting apoptosis, while iron-free form decreases intracellular iron levels, inducing expression of the proapoptotic protein BCL2L11/BIM, resulting in apoptosis (By similarity). Involved in innate immunity; limits bacterial proliferation by sequestering iron bound to microbial siderophores, such as enterobactin (PubMed:27780864). Can also bind siderophores from M.tuberculosis (PubMed:15642259, PubMed:21978368)