RNA cytosine C(5)-methyltransferase NSUN2 (EC 2.1.1.-) (Myc-induced SUN domain-containing protein) (Misu) (NOL1/NOP2/Sun domain family member 2) (Substrate of AIM1/Aurora kinase B) (mRNA cytosine C(5)-methyltransferase) (EC 2.1.1.-) (tRNA cytosine C(5)-methyltransferase) (EC 2.1.1.-) (EC 2.1.1.203) (tRNA methyltransferase 4 homolog) (hTrm4)
1_MGRRS 6_ RGRRL 11_ QQQQR 16_ PEDAE 21_ DGAEG 26_ GGKRG 31_ EAGWE 36_ GGYPE 41_ IVKEN 46_ KLFEH 51_ YYQEL 56_ KIVPE 61_ GEWGQ 66_ FMDAL 71_ REPLP 76_ ATLRI 81_ TGYKS 86_ HAKEI 91_ LHCLK 96_ NKYFK 101_ ELEDL 106_ EVDGQ 111_ KVEVP 116_ QPLSW 121_ YPEEL 126_ AWHTN 131_ LSRKI 136_ LRKSP 141_ HLEKF 146_ HQFLV 151_ SETES 156_ GNISR 161_ QEAVS 166_ MIPPL 171_ LLNVR 176_ PHHKI 181_ LDMCA 186_ APGSK 191_ TTQLI 196_ EMLHA 201_ DMNVP 206_ FPEGF 211_ VIAND 216_ VDNKR 221_ CYLLV 226_ HQAKR 231_ LSSPC 236_ IMVVN 241_ HDASS 246_ IPRLQ 251_ IDVDG 256_ RKEIL 261_ FYDRI 266_ LCDVP 271_ CSGDG 276_ TMRKN 281_ IDVWK 286_ KWTTL 291_ NSLQL 296_ HGLQL 301_ RIATR 306_ GAEQL 311_ AEGGR 316_ MVYST 321_ CSLNP 326_ IEDEA 331_ VIASL 336_ LEKSE 341_ GALEL 346_ ADVSN 351_ ELPGL 356_ KWMPG 361_ ITQWK 366_ VMTKD 371_ GQWFT 376_ DWDAV 381_ PHSRH 386_ TQIRP 391_ TMFPP 396_ KDPEK 401_ LQAMH 406_ LERCL 411_ RILPH 416_ HQNTG 421_ GFFVA 426_ VLVKK 431_ SSMPW 436_ NKRQP 441_ KLQGK 446_ SAETR 451_ ESTQL 456_ SPADL 461_ TEGKP 466_ TDPSK 471_ LESPS 476_ FTGTG 481_ DTEIA 486_ HATED 491_ LENNG 496_ SKKDG 501_ VCGPP 506_ PSKKM 511_ KLFGF 516_ KEDPF 521_ VFIPE 526_ DDPLF 531_ PPIEK 536_ FYALD 541_ PSFPR 546_ MNLLT 551_ RTTEG 556_ KKRQL 561_ YMVSK 566_ ELRNV 571_ LLNNS 576_ EKMKV 581_ INTGI 586_ KVWCR 591_ NNSGE 596_ EFDCA 601_ FRLAQ 606_ EGIYT 611_ LYPFI 616_ NSRII 621_ TVSME 626_ DVKIL 631_ LTQEN 636_ PFFRK 641_ LSSET 646_ YSQAK 651_ DLAKG 656_ SIVLK 661_ YEPDS 666_ ANPDA 671_ LQCPI 676_ VLCGW 681_ RGKAS 686_ IRTFV 691_ PKNER 696_ LHYLR 701_ MMGLE 706_ VLGEK 711_ KKEGV 716_ ILTNE 721_ SAAST 726_ GQPDN 731_ DVTEG 736_ QRAGE 741_ PNSPD 746_ AEEAN 751_ SPDVT 756_ AGCDP 761_AGVHP
1: RNA cytosine C(5)-methyltransferase that methylates cytosine to 5-methylcytosine (m5C) in various RNAs, such as tRNAs, mRNAs and some long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) (PubMed:17071714, PubMed:22995836, PubMed:31199786, PubMed:31358969). Involved in various processes, such as epidermal stem cell differentiation, testis differentiation and maternal to zygotic transition during early development: acts by increasing protein synthesis; cytosine C(5)-methylation promoting tRNA stability and preventing mRNA decay (PubMed:31199786). Methylates cytosine to 5-methylcytosine (m5C) at positions 34 and 48 of intron-containing tRNA(Leu)(CAA) precursors, and at positions 48, 49 and 50 of tRNA(Gly)(GCC) precursors (PubMed:17071714, PubMed:22995836, PubMed:31199786). tRNA methylation is required generation of RNA fragments derived from tRNAs (tRFs) (PubMed:31199786). Also mediates C(5)-methylation of mitochondrial tRNAs (PubMed:31276587). Catalyzes cytosine C(5)-methylation of mRNAs, leading to stabilize them and prevent mRNA decay: mRNA stabilization involves YBX1 that specifically recognizes and binds m5C-modified transcripts (PubMed:22395603, PubMed:31358969, PubMed:34556860). Cytosine C(5)-methylation of mRNAs also regulates mRNA export: methylated transcripts are specifically recognized by THOC4/ALYREF, which mediates mRNA nucleo-cytoplasmic shuttling (PubMed:28418038). Also mediates cytosine C(5)-methylation of non-coding RNAs, such as vault RNAs (vtRNAs), promoting their processing into regulatory small RNAs (PubMed:23871666). Cytosine C(5)-methylation of vtRNA VTRNA1.1 promotes its processing into small-vault RNA4 (svRNA4) and regulates epidermal differentiation (PubMed:31186410). May act downstream of Myc to regulate epidermal cell growth and proliferation (By similarity). Required for proper spindle assembly and chromosome segregation, independently of its methyltransferase activity (PubMed:19596847)