Serine/threonine-protein kinase PAK 1 (EC 2.7.11.1) (Alpha-PAK) (p21-activated kinase 1) (PAK-1) (p65-PAK)
1_MSNNG 6_ LDIQD 11_ KPPAP 16_ PMRNT 21_ STMIG 26_ AGSKD 31_ AGTLN 36_ HGSKP 41_ LPPNP 46_ EEKKK 51_ KDRFY 56_ RSILP 61_ GDKTN 66_ KKKEK 71_ ERPEI 76_ SLPSD 81_ FEHTI 86_ HVGFD 91_ AVTGE 96_ FTGMP 101_ EQWAR 106_ LLQTS 111_ NITKS 116_ EQKKN 121_ PQAVL 126_ DVLEF 131_ YNSKK 136_ TSNSQ 141_ KYMSF 146_ TDKSA 151_ EDYNS 156_ SNALN 161_ VKAVS 166_ ETPAV 171_ PPVSE 176_ DEDDD 181_ DDDAT 186_ PPPVI 191_ APRPE 196_ HTKSV 201_ YTRSV 206_ IEPLP 211_ VTPTR 216_ DVATS 221_ PISPT 226_ ENNTT 231_ PPDAL 236_ TRNTE 241_ KQKKK 246_ PKMSD 251_ EEILE 256_ KLRSI 261_ VSVGD 266_ PKKKY 271_ TRFEK 276_ IGQGA 281_ SGTVY 286_ TAMDV 291_ ATGQE 296_ VAIKQ 301_ MNLQQ 306_ QPKKE 311_ LIINE 316_ ILVMR 321_ ENKNP 326_ NIVNY 331_ LDSYL 336_ VGDEL 341_ WVVME 346_ YLAGG 351_ SLTDV 356_ VTETC 361_ MDEGQ 366_ IAAVC 371_ RECLQ 376_ ALEFL 381_ HSNQV 386_ IHRDI 391_ KSDNI 396_ LLGMD 401_ GSVKL 406_ TDFGF 411_ CAQIT 416_ PEQSK 421_ RSTMV 426_ GTPYW 431_ MAPEV 436_ VTRKA 441_ YGPKV 446_ DIWSL 451_ GIMAI 456_ EMIEG 461_ EPPYL 466_ NENPL 471_ RALYL 476_ IATNG 481_ TPELQ 486_ NPEKL 491_ SAIFR 496_ DFLNR 501_ CLEMD 506_ VEKRG 511_ SAKEL 516_ LQHQF 521_ LKIAK 526_ PLSSL 531_ TPLIA 536_AAKEA
1: Protein kinase involved in intracellular signaling pathways downstream of integrins and receptor-type kinases that plays an important role in cytoskeleton dynamics, in cell adhesion, migration, proliferation, apoptosis, mitosis, and in vesicle-mediated transport processes (PubMed:10551809, PubMed:11896197, PubMed:12876277, PubMed:14585966, PubMed:15611088, PubMed:17726028, PubMed:17989089, PubMed:30290153, PubMed:17420447). Can directly phosphorylate BAD and protects cells against apoptosis (By similarity). Activated by interaction with CDC42 and RAC1 (PubMed:8805275, PubMed:9528787). Functions as a GTPase effector that links the Rho-related GTPases CDC42 and RAC1 to the JNK MAP kinase pathway (PubMed:8805275, PubMed:9528787). Phosphorylates and activates MAP2K1, and thereby mediates activation of downstream MAP kinases (By similarity). Involved in the reorganization of the actin cytoskeleton, actin stress fibers and of focal adhesion complexes (PubMed:9032240, PubMed:9395435). Phosphorylates the tubulin chaperone TBCB and thereby plays a role in the regulation of microtubule biogenesis and organization of the tubulin cytoskeleton (PubMed:15831477). Plays a role in the regulation of insulin secretion in response to elevated glucose levels (PubMed:22669945). Part of a ternary complex that contains PAK1, DVL1 and MUSK that is important for MUSK-dependent regulation of AChR clustering during the formation of the neuromuscular junction (NMJ) (By similarity). Activity is inhibited in cells undergoing apoptosis, potentially due to binding of CDC2L1 and CDC2L2 (PubMed:12624090). Phosphorylates MYL9/MLC2 (By similarity). Phosphorylates RAF1 at 'Ser-338' and 'Ser-339' resulting in: activation of RAF1, stimulation of RAF1 translocation to mitochondria, phosphorylation of BAD by RAF1, and RAF1 binding to BCL2 (PubMed:11733498). Phosphorylates SNAI1 at 'Ser-246' promoting its transcriptional repressor activity by increasing its accumulation in the nucleus (PubMed:15833848). In podocytes, promotes NR3C2 nuclear localization (By similarity). Required for atypical chemokine receptor ACKR2-induced phosphorylation of LIMK1 and cofilin (CFL1) and for the up-regulation of ACKR2 from endosomal compartment to cell membrane, increasing its efficiency in chemokine uptake and degradation (PubMed:23633677). In synapses, seems to mediate the regulation of F-actin cluster formation performed by SHANK3, maybe through CFL1 phosphorylation and inactivation (By similarity). Plays a role in RUFY3-mediated facilitating gastric cancer cells migration and invasion (PubMed:25766321). In response to DNA damage, phosphorylates MORC2 which activates its ATPase activity and facilitates chromatin remodeling (PubMed:23260667). In neurons, plays a crucial role in regulating GABA(A) receptor synaptic stability and hence GABAergic inhibitory synaptic transmission through its role in F-actin stabilization (By similarity). In hippocampal neurons, necessary for the formation of dendritic spines and excitatory synapses; this function is dependent on kinase activity and may be exerted by the regulation of actomyosin contractility through the phosphorylation of myosin II regulatory light chain (MLC) (By similarity). Along with GIT1, positively regulates microtubule nucleation during interphase (PubMed:27012601). Phosphorylates FXR1, promoting its localization to stress granules and activity (PubMed:20417602). Phosphorylates ILK on 'Thr-173' and 'Ser-246', promoting nuclear export of ILK (PubMed:17420447)