DNA dC->dU-editing enzyme APOBEC-3H (EC 3.5.4.38) (APOBEC-related protein 10) (ARP-10) (Apolipoprotein B mRNA-editing enzyme catalytic polypeptide-like 3H) (A3H)
1_MALLT 6_ AETFR 11_ LQFNN 16_ KRRLR 21_ RPYYP 26_ RKALL 31_ CYQLT 36_ PQNGS 41_ TPTRG 46_ YFENK 51_ KKCHA 56_ EICFI 61_ NEIKS 66_ MGLDE 71_ TQCYQ 76_ VTCYL 81_ TWSPC 86_ SSCAW 91_ ELVDF 96_ IKAHD 101_ HLNLG 106_ IFASR 111_ LYYHW 116_ CKPQQ 121_ KGLRL 126_ LCGSQ 131_ VPVEV 136_ MGFPE 141_ FADCW 146_ ENFVD 151_ HEKPL 156_ SFNPY 161_ KMLEE 166_ LDKNS 171_ RAIKR 176_ RLERI 181_ KIPGV 186_ RAQGR 191_YMDIL
1: DNA deaminase (cytidine deaminase) which acts as an inhibitor of retrovirus replication and retrotransposon mobility via deaminase-dependent and -independent mechanisms (PubMed:16571802, PubMed:16920826, PubMed:18779051, PubMed:18827027, PubMed:20062055, PubMed:22915799, PubMed:29290613). The A3H-var/haplotype 2 exhibits antiviral activity against vif-deficient HIV-1 (PubMed:18299330, PubMed:21835787, PubMed:23097438, PubMed:29290613). After the penetration of retroviral nucleocapsids into target cells of infection and the initiation of reverse transcription, it can induce the conversion of cytosine to uracil in the minus-sense single-strand viral DNA, leading to G-to-A hypermutations in the subsequent plus-strand viral DNA (PubMed:18299330). The resultant detrimental levels of mutations in the proviral genome, along with a deamination-independent mechanism that works prior to the proviral integration, together exert efficient antiretroviral effects in infected target cells (PubMed:18299330). Selectively targets single-stranded DNA and does not deaminate double-stranded DNA or single- or double-stranded RNA (PubMed:20062055). Exhibits antiviral activity also against T-cell leukemia virus type 1 (HTLV-1) and may inhibit the mobility of LTR and non-LTR retrotransposons (PubMed:20062055, PubMed:22457529)