Activity-regulated cytoskeleton-associated protein (hArc) (Activity-regulated gene 3.1 protein homolog) (ARC/ARG3.1) (Arg3.1)
1_MELDH 6_ RTSGG 11_ LHAYP 16_ GPRGG 21_ QVAKP 26_ NVILQ 31_ IGKCR 36_ AEMLE 41_ HVRRT 46_ HRHLL 51_ AEVSK 56_ QVERE 61_ LKGLH 66_ RSVGK 71_ LESNL 76_ DGYVP 81_ TSDSQ 86_ RWKKS 91_ IKACL 96_ CRCQE 101_ TIANL 106_ ERWVK 111_ REMHV 116_ WREVF 121_ YRLER 126_ WADRL 131_ ESTGG 136_ KYPVG 141_ SESAR 146_ HTVSV 151_ GVGGP 156_ ESYCH 161_ EADGY 166_ DYTVS 171_ PYAIT 176_ PPPAA 181_ GELPG 186_ QEPAE 191_ AQQYQ 196_ PWVPG 201_ EDGQP 206_ SPGVD 211_ TQIFE 216_ DPREF 221_ LSHLE 226_ EYLRQ 231_ VGGSE 236_ EYWLS 241_ QIQNH 246_ MNGPA 251_ KKWWE 256_ FKQGS 261_ VKNWV 266_ EFKKE 271_ FLQYS 276_ EGTLS 281_ REAIQ 286_ RELDL 291_ PQKQG 296_ EPLDQ 301_ FLWRK 306_ RDLYQ 311_ TLYVD 316_ ADEEE 321_ IIQYV 326_ VGTLQ 331_ PKLKR 336_ FLRHP 341_ LPKTL 346_ EQLIQ 351_ RGMEV 356_ QDDLE 361_ QAAEP 366_ AGPHL 371_ PVEDE 376_ AETLT 381_ PAPNS 386_ ESVAS 391_DRTQP
1: Master regulator of synaptic plasticity that self-assembles into virion-like capsids that encapsulate RNAs and mediate intercellular RNA transfer in the nervous system. ARC protein is released from neurons in extracellular vesicles that mediate the transfer of ARC mRNA into new target cells, where ARC mRNA can undergo activity-dependent translation. ARC capsids are endocytosed and are able to transfer ARC mRNA into the cytoplasm of neurons. Acts as a key regulator of synaptic plasticity: required for protein synthesis-dependent forms of long-term potentiation (LTP) and depression (LTD) and for the formation of long-term memory. Regulates synaptic plasticity by promoting endocytosis of AMPA receptors (AMPARs) in response to synaptic activity: this endocytic pathway maintains levels of surface AMPARs in response to chronic changes in neuronal activity through synaptic scaling, thereby contributing to neuronal homeostasis. Acts as a postsynaptic mediator of activity-dependent synapse elimination in the developing cerebellum by mediating elimination of surplus climbing fiber synapses. Accumulates at weaker synapses, probably to prevent their undesired enhancement. This suggests that ARC-containing virion-like capsids may be required to eliminate synaptic material. Required to transduce experience into long-lasting changes in visual cortex plasticity and for long-term memory (By similarity). Involved in postsynaptic trafficking and processing of amyloid-beta A4 (APP) via interaction with PSEN1 (By similarity). In addition to its role in synapses, also involved in the regulation of the immune system: specifically expressed in skin-migratory dendritic cells and regulates fast dendritic cell migration, thereby regulating T-cell activation (By similarity)