Methylcytosine dioxygenase TET1 (EC 1.14.11.n2) (CXXC-type zinc finger protein 6) (Leukemia-associated protein with a CXXC domain) (Ten-eleven translocation 1 gene protein)
1_MSRSR 6_ HARPS 11_ RLVRK 16_ EDVNK 21_ KKKNS 26_ QLRKT 31_ TKGAN 36_ KNVAS 41_ VKTLS 46_ PGKLK 51_ QLIQE 56_ RDVKK 61_ KTEPK 66_ PPVPV 71_ RSLLT 76_ RAGAA 81_ RMNLD 86_ RTEVL 91_ FQNPE 96_ SLTCN 101_ GFTMA 106_ LRSTS 111_ LSRRL 116_ SQPPL 121_ VVAKS 126_ KKVPL 131_ SKGLE 136_ KQHDC 141_ DYKIL 146_ PALGV 151_ KHSEN 156_ DSVPM 161_ QDTQV 166_ LPDIE 171_ TLIGV 176_ QNPSL 181_ LKGKS 186_ QETTQ 191_ FWSQR 196_ VEDSK 201_ INIPT 206_ HSGPA 211_ AEILP 216_ GPLEG 221_ TRCGE 226_ GLFSE 231_ ETLND 236_ TSGSP 241_ KMFAQ 246_ DTVCA 251_ PFPQR 256_ ATPKV 261_ TSQGN 266_ PSIQL 271_ EELGS 276_ RVESL 281_ KLSDS 286_ YLDPI 291_ KSEHD 296_ CYPTS 301_ SLNKV 306_ IPDLN 311_ LRNCL 316_ ALGGS 321_ TSPTS 326_ VIKFL 331_ LAGSK 336_ QATLG 341_ AKPDH 346_ QEAFE 351_ ATANQ 356_ QEVSD 361_ TTSFL 366_ GQAFG 371_ AIPHQ 376_ WELPG 381_ ADPVH 386_ GEALG 391_ ETPDL 396_ PEIPG 401_ AIPVQ 406_ GEVFG 411_ TILDQ 416_ QETLG 421_ MSGSV 426_ VPDLP 431_ VFLPV 436_ PPNPI 441_ ATFNA 446_ PSKWP 451_ EPQST 456_ VSYGL 461_ AVQGA 466_ IQILP 471_ LGSGH 476_ TPQSS 481_ SNSEK 486_ NSLPP 491_ VMAIS 496_ NVENE 501_ KQVHI 506_ SFLPA 511_ NTQGF 516_ PLAPE 521_ RGLFH 526_ ASLGI 531_ AQLSQ 536_ AGPSK 541_ SDRGS 546_ SQVSV 551_ TSTVH 556_ VVNTT 561_ VVTMP 566_ VPMVS 571_ TSSSS 576_ YTTLL 581_ PTLEK 586_ KKRKR 591_ CGVCE 596_ PCQQK 601_ TNCGE 606_ CTYCK 611_ NRKNS 616_ HQICK 621_ KRKCE 626_ ELKKK 631_ PSVVV 636_ PLEVI 641_ KENKR 646_ PQREK 651_ KPKVL 656_ KADFD 661_ NKPVN 666_ GPKSE 671_ SMDYS 676_ RCGHG 681_ EEQKL 686_ ELNPH 691_ TVENV 696_ TKNED 701_ SMTGI 706_ EVEKW 711_ TQNKK 716_ SQLTD 721_ HVKGD 726_ FSANV 731_ PEAEK 736_ SKNSE 741_ VDKKR 746_ TKSPK 751_ LFVQT 756_ VRNGI 761_ KHVHC 766_ LPAET 771_ NVSFK 776_ KFNIE 781_ EFGKT 786_ LENNS 791_ YKFLK 796_ DTANH 801_ KNAMS 806_ SVATD 811_ MSCDH 816_ LKGRS 821_ NVLVF 826_ QQPGF 831_ NCSSI 836_ PHSSH 841_ SIINH 846_ HASIH 851_ NEGDQ 856_ PKTPE 861_ NIPSK 866_ EPKDG 871_ SPVQP 876_ SLLSL 881_ MKDRR 886_ LTLEQ 891_ VVAIE 896_ ALTQL 901_ SEAPS 906_ ENSSP 911_ SKSEK 916_ DEESE 921_ QRTAS 926_ LLNSC 931_ KAILY 936_ TVRKD 941_ LQDPN 946_ LQGEP 951_ PKLNH 956_ CPSLE 961_ KQSSC 966_ NTVVF 971_ NGQTT 976_ TLSNS 981_ HINSA 986_ TNQAS 991_ TKSHE 996_ YSKVT 1001_ NSLSL 1006_ FIPKS 1011_ NSSKI 1016_ DTNKS 1021_ IAQGI 1026_ ITLDN 1031_ CSNDL 1036_ HQLPP 1041_ RNNEV 1046_ EYCNQ 1051_ LLDSS 1056_ KKLDS 1061_ DDLSC 1066_ QDATH 1071_ TQIEE 1076_ DVATQ 1081_ LTQLA 1086_ SIIKI 1091_ NYIKP 1096_ EDKKV 1101_ ESTPT 1106_ SLVTC 1111_ NVQQK 1116_ YNQEK 1121_ GTIQQ 1126_ KPPSS 1131_ VHNNH 1136_ GSSLT 1141_ KQKNP 1146_ TQKKT 1151_ KSTPS 1156_ RDRRK 1161_ KKPTV 1166_ VSYQE 1171_ NDRQK 1176_ WEKLS 1181_ YMYGT 1186_ ICDIW 1191_ IASKF 1196_ QNFGQ 1201_ FCPHD 1206_ FPTVF 1211_ GKISS 1216_ STKIW 1221_ KPLAQ 1226_ TRSIM 1231_ QPKTV 1236_ FPPLT 1241_ QIKLQ 1246_ RYPES 1251_ AEEKV 1256_ KVEPL 1261_ DSLSL 1266_ FHLKT 1271_ ESNGK 1276_ AFTDK 1281_ AYNSQ 1286_ VQLTV 1291_ NANQK 1296_ AHPLT 1301_ QPSSP 1306_ PNQCA 1311_ NVMAG 1316_ DDQIR 1321_ FQQVV 1326_ KEQLM 1331_ HQRLP 1336_ TLPGI 1341_ SHETP 1346_ LPESA 1351_ LTLRN 1356_ VNVVC 1361_ SGGIT 1366_ VVSTK 1371_ SEEEV 1376_ CSSSF 1381_ GTSEF 1386_ STVDS 1391_ AQKNF 1396_ NDYAM 1401_ NFFTN 1406_ PTKNL 1411_ VSITK 1416_ DSELP 1421_ TCSCL 1426_ DRVIQ 1431_ KDKGP 1436_ YYTHL 1441_ GAGPS 1446_ VAAVR 1451_ EIMEN 1456_ RYGQK 1461_ GNAIR 1466_ IEIVV 1471_ YTGKE 1476_ GKSSH 1481_ GCPIA 1486_ KWVLR 1491_ RSSDE 1496_ EKVLC 1501_ LVRQR 1506_ TGHHC 1511_ PTAVM 1516_ VVLIM 1521_ VWDGI 1526_ PLPMA 1531_ DRLYT 1536_ ELTEN 1541_ LKSYN 1546_ GHPTD 1551_ RRCTL 1556_ NENRT 1561_ CTCQG 1566_ IDPET 1571_ CGASF 1576_ SFGCS 1581_ WSMYF 1586_ NGCKF 1591_ GRSPS 1596_ PRRFR 1601_ IDPSS 1606_ PLHEK 1611_ NLEDN 1616_ LQSLA 1621_ TRLAP 1626_ IYKQY 1631_ APVAY 1636_ QNQVE 1641_ YENVA 1646_ RECRL 1651_ GSKEG 1656_ RPFSG 1661_ VTACL 1666_ DFCAH 1671_ PHRDI 1676_ HNMNN 1681_ GSTVV 1686_ CTLTR 1691_ EDNRS 1696_ LGVIP 1701_ QDEQL 1706_ HVLPL 1711_ YKLSD 1716_ TDEFG 1721_ SKEGM 1726_ EAKIK 1731_ SGAIE 1736_ VLAPR 1741_ RKKRT 1746_ CFTQP 1751_ VPRSG 1756_ KKRAA 1761_ MMTEV 1766_ LAHKI 1771_ RAVEK 1776_ KPIPR 1781_ IKRKN 1786_ NSTTT 1791_ NNSKP 1796_ SSLPT 1801_ LGSNT 1806_ ETVQP 1811_ EVKSE 1816_ TEPHF 1821_ ILKSS 1826_ DNTKT 1831_ YSLMP 1836_ SAPHP 1841_ VKEAS 1846_ PGFSW 1851_ SPKTA 1856_ SATPA 1861_ PLKND 1866_ ATASC 1871_ GFSER 1876_ SSTPH 1881_ CTMPS 1886_ GRLSG 1891_ ANAAA 1896_ ADGPG 1901_ ISQLG 1906_ EVAPL 1911_ PTLSA 1916_ PVMEP 1921_ LINSE 1926_ PSTGV 1931_ TEPLT 1936_ PHQPN 1941_ HQPSF 1946_ LTSPQ 1951_ DLASS 1956_ PMEED 1961_ EQHSE 1966_ ADEPP 1971_ SDEPL 1976_ SDDPL 1981_ SPAEE 1986_ KLPHI 1991_ DEYWS 1996_ DSEHI 2001_ FLDAN 2006_ IGGVA 2011_ IAPAH 2016_ GSVLI 2021_ ECARR 2026_ ELHAT 2031_ TPVEH 2036_ PNRNH 2041_ PTRLS 2046_ LVFYQ 2051_ HKNLN 2056_ KPQHG 2061_ FELNK 2066_ IKFEA 2071_ KEAKN 2076_ KKMKA 2081_ SEQKD 2086_ QAANE 2091_ GPEQS 2096_ SEVNE 2101_ LNQIP 2106_ SHKAL 2111_ TLTHD 2116_ NVVTV 2121_ SPYAL 2126_ THVAG 2131_PYNHW
1: Dioxygenase that plays a key role in active DNA demethylation, by catalyzing the sequential oxidation of the modified genomic base 5-methylcytosine (5mC) into 5-hydroxymethylcytosine (5hmC), 5-formylcytosine (5fC), and 5-carboxylcytosine (5caC) (PubMed:19372391, PubMed:21496894, PubMed:21778364, PubMed:35798741). In addition to its role in DNA demethylation, plays a more general role in chromatin regulation by recruiting histone modifying protein complexes to alter histone marks and chromatin accessibility, leading to both activation and repression of gene expression (PubMed:33833093). Plays therefore a role in many biological processes, including stem cell maintenance, T- and B-cell development, inflammation regulation, genomic imprinting, neural activity or DNA repair (PubMed:31278917). Involved in the balance between pluripotency and lineage commitment of cells and plays a role in embryonic stem cells maintenance and inner cell mass cell specification. Together with QSER1, plays an essential role in the protection and maintenance of transcriptional and developmental programs to inhibit the binding of DNMT3A/3B and therefore de novo methylation (PubMed:33833093). May play a role in pancreatic beta-cell specification during development. In this context, may function as an upstream epigenetic regulator of PAX4 presumably through direct recruitment by FOXA2 to a PAX4 enhancer to preserve its unmethylated status, thereby potentiating PAX4 expression to adopt beta-cell fate during endocrine lineage commitment (PubMed:35798741). Under DNA hypomethylation conditions, such as in female meiotic germ cells, may induce epigenetic reprogramming of pericentromeric heterochromatin (PCH), the constitutive heterochromatin of pericentromeric regions. PCH forms chromocenters in the interphase nucleus and chromocenters cluster at the prophase of meiosis. In this context, may also be essential for chromocenter clustering in a catalytic activity-independent manner, possibly through the recruitment polycomb repressive complex 1 (PRC1) to the chromocenters (By similarity). During embryonic development, may be required for normal meiotic progression in oocytes and meiotic gene activation (By similarity). Binds preferentially to DNA containing cytidine-phosphate-guanosine (CpG) dinucleotides over CpH (H=A, T, and C), hemimethylated-CpG and hemimethylated-hydroxymethyl-CpG (PubMed:29276034)
2: Dioxygenase that plays a key role in active DNA demethylation (PubMed:28531272). Binds to promoters, particularly to those with high CG content (By similarity). In hippocampal neurons, isoform 1 regulates the expression of a unique subset of genes compared to isoform 2, although some overlap exists between both isoforms, hence differentially regulates excitatory synaptic transmission (By similarity). In hippocampal neuron cell cultures, isoform 1 controls both miniature excitatory postsynaptic current amplitude and frequency (By similarity). Isoform 1 may regulate genes involved in hippocampal-dependent memory, leading to positive regulation of memory, contrary to isoform 2 that may decrease memory (By similarity)
3: Dioxygenase that plays a key role in active DNA demethylation (PubMed:28531272). As isoform 1, binds to promoters, particularly to those with high CG content, however displays reduced global chromatin affinity compared with isoform 1, leading to decreased global DNA demethylation compared with isoform 1 (By similarity). Contrary to isoform 1, isoform 2 localizes during S phase to sites of ongoing DNA replication in heterochromatin, causing a significant de novo 5hmC formation, globally, and more so in heterochromatin, including LINE 1 interspersed DNA repeats leading to their activation (By similarity). In hippocampal neurons, isoform 2 regulates the expression of a unique subset of genes compared to isoform 1, although some overlap between both isoforms, hence differentially regulates excitatory synaptic transmission (By similarity). In hippocampal neuron cell cultures, isoform 2 controls miniature excitatory postsynaptic current frequency, but not amplitude (By similarity). Isoform 2 may regulate genes involved in hippocampal-dependent memory, leading to negative regulation of memory, contrary to isoform 1 that may improve memory (By similarity). In immature and partially differentiated gonadotrope cells, directly represses luteinizing hormone gene LHB expression and does not catalyze 5hmC at the gene promoter (By similarity)