Group 3 secretory phospholipase A2 (EC 3.1.1.4) (Group III secretory phospholipase A2) (GIII sPLA2) (sPLA2-III) (Phosphatidylcholine 2-acylhydrolase 3)
1_MGVQA 6_ GLFGM 11_ LGFLG 16_ VALGG 21_ SPALR 26_ WYRTS 31_ CHLTK 36_ AVPGN 41_ PLGYL 46_ SFLAK 51_ DAQGL 56_ ALIHA 61_ RWDAH 66_ RRLQS 71_ CSWED 76_ EPELT 81_ AAYGA 86_ LCAHE 91_ TAWGS 96_ FIHTP 101_ GPELQ 106_ RALAT 111_ LQSQW 116_ EACRA 121_ LEESP 126_ AGARK 131_ KRAAG 136_ QSGVP 141_ GGGHQ 146_ REKRG 151_ WTMPG 156_ TLWCG 161_ VGDSA 166_ GNSSE 171_ LGVFQ 176_ GPDLC 181_ CREHD 186_ RCPQN 191_ ISPLQ 196_ YNYGI 201_ RNYRF 206_ HTISH 211_ CDCDT 216_ RFQQC 221_ LQNQH 226_ DSISD 231_ IVGVA 236_ FFNVL 241_ EIPCF 246_ VLEEQ 251_ EACVA 256_ WYWWG 261_ GCRMY 266_ GTVPL 271_ ARLQP 276_ RTFYN 281_ ASWSS 286_ RATSP 291_ TPSSR 296_ SPAPP 301_ KPRQK 306_ QHLRK 311_ GPPHQ 316_ KGSKR 321_ PSKAN 326_ TTALQ 331_ DPMVS 336_ PRLDV 341_ APTGL 346_ QGPQG 351_ GLKPQ 356_ GARWV 361_ CRSFR 366_ RHLDQ 371_ CEHQI 376_ GPREI 381_ EFQLL 386_ NSAQE 391_ PLFHC 396_ NCTRR 401_ LARFL 406_ RLHSP 411_ PEVTN 416_ MLWEL 421_ LGTTC 426_ FKLAP 431_ PLDCV 436_ EGKNC 441_ SRDPR 446_ AIRVS 451_ ARHLR 456_ RLQQR 461_ RHQLQ 466_ DKGTD 471_ ERQPW 476_ PSEPL 481_ RGPMS 486_ FYNQC 491_ LQLTQ 496_ AARRP 501_DRQQK
1: Secretory calcium-dependent phospholipase A2 that primarily targets extracellular phospholipids. Hydrolyzes the ester bond of the fatty acyl group attached at sn-2 position of phospholipids without apparent head group selectivity (PubMed:12522102, PubMed:15863501, PubMed:18801741, PubMed:28947740). Contributes to phospholipid remodeling of low-density lipoprotein (LDL) and high-density lipoprotein (HDL) particles. Hydrolyzes LDL phospholipids releasing unsaturated fatty acids that regulate macrophage differentiation toward foam cells (PubMed:18801741). May act in an autocrine and paracrine manner (PubMed:23624557). Secreted by immature mast cells, acts on nearby fibroblasts upstream to PTDGS to synthesize prostaglandin D2 (PGD2), which in turn promotes mast cell maturation and degranulation via PTGDR (PubMed:23624557). Secreted by epididymal epithelium, acts on immature sperm cells within the duct, modulating the degree of unsaturation of the fatty acyl components of phosphatidylcholines required for acrosome assembly and sperm cell motility. Facilitates the replacement of fatty acyl chains in phosphatidylcholines in sperm membranes from omega-6 and omega-9 to omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs). Coupled to lipoxygenase pathway, may process omega-6 PUFAs to generate oxygenated lipid mediators in the male reproductive tract (By similarity). At pericentrosomal preciliary compartment, negatively regulates ciliogenesis likely by regulating endocytotic recycling of ciliary membrane protein (PubMed:20393563). Coupled to cyclooxygenase pathway provides arachidonate to generate prostaglandin E2 (PGE2), a potent immunomodulatory lipid in inflammation and tumorigenesis (PubMed:12522102, PubMed:15863501). At colonic epithelial barrier, preferentially hydrolyzes phospholipids having arachidonate and docosahexaenoate at sn-2 position, contributing to the generation of oxygenated metabolites involved in colonic stem cell homeostasis (PubMed:28947740). Releases C16:0 and C18:0 lysophosphatidylcholine subclasses from neuron plasma membranes and promotes neurite outgrowth and neuron survival (PubMed:17868035)